The life cycle of flat glass is contemplated from cradle to gate, which includes the raw material acquisition and the energy and materialproduction. Secondly, the goal and the scope of the LCA are defined. In this thesis, an LCA is carried out to evaluate the production of one tonne float glass. First of all, the life cycle assessment (LCA) is introduced as a tool to analyse the environmental impacts of a product or service. This targetleads the work to focus on the glass industry because it is part of the energy-intensivemanufacture industrial sector. After a quick review of reasons why the situation should change, the study exposes the human activities that cause the greater impacts. (2010) highlighted how integrated government DSM policies, targeting residential demand for electricity and heat are more likely.įrom a global perspective to a detailed process, this thesis exposes the actual environmental situation and the main factors that condition it. Various types of DSM were analyzed, and an overview of modern DSM projects was given. Palensky and Dietrich (2011) described DSM as using measures such as sophisticated real-time control of distributed energy resources, better materials, smart energy tariffs with incentives for certain consumption patterns to improve energy efficiency. They also explained the role of DSM in integrated resource planning, the main elements of DSM programs and summarized the key best practices for program design and delivery. Gellings and Parmenter gave a history of DSM in the United States and its influence on energy resources. financial incentives and public awareness/education), which brings about less use of energy by the consumers. Demand-side management (DSM) deals with conversion of energy demand of consumers into activities/programs/tactics (e.g.
There is therefore a need for efficient energy measures to ensure conservation, thereby saving costs. Because of globalization, industrialization, and development due to technology, the demand for electrical energy is on the increase.